瑞典专利SE1551381A1 Ventilation device, ventilation system comprising said ventilation device and a method for controlli

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专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a ventilation device (V) comprising a first inlet (1) for recirculated indoor air, a second inlet (2) for outdoor air, an outlet (5) for mixed air (23), a mixing chamber (3) and a recirculation fan ( 41), said first inlet (1) and said second inlet (2) being arranged in said mixing chamber (3), that the ventilation device (V) further comprises a second chamber (4) which is flow-connected to said mixing chamber (3) and after that, at least one pre-filter (11) arranged in said first inlet (1) and at least one first filter (30) arranged between said mixing chamber (3) and said second chamber (4) and that the outlet (5) is arranged in said second chamber (4). The invention further relates to a ventilation system (S) for supplying purified and conditioned air to a building, wherein it comprises such a ventilation device (V) and a method for regulating supplied outdoor air to a building during simultaneous purification of the supplied outdoor air and purification of recirculated air. the method comprising the steps of purifying the indoor air in a pre-filter (11) before it is introduced into the mixing chamber (3) and regulating the supply of indoor air to the mixing chamber (3) by controlling a recirculation fan (41) which is arranged to supply the supply air ducts with mixed air (23), so that the proportion of supplied indoor air in the mixed air (23) in the range 30-60%, preferably 35-50% and even more preferably about 40% is achieved.
公开号:SE1551381A1
申请号:SE1551381
申请日:2015-10-27
公开日:2017-04-28
发明作者:Lysén Stefan
申请人:Lysén Stefan；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Ventilation device, ventilation systems comprising said VENTILATION DEVICE AND A METHOD FOR RULES filed INPUT outdoor air to an building under simultaneous purification of the supplied outside air and PURIFICATION AVRECIRKULERAD INDOOR AIR The present invention relates to a ventilation device comprising a first inloppför recirculated indoor air, a second inlet for outdoor air, an outlet for the mixed air , a mixing chamber and a recirculation ﬂ marriage. The invention also relates to a ventilation system comprising such a ventilation device and a method for regulating supplied outdoor air to a building during simultaneous purification of the supplied outdoor air and purification of recirculated indoor air.
BACKGROUND People in the western world spend an average of 90 percent of their time indoors. Indoor air is therefore of great importance to our health. A poor indoor environment can lead to ill health and reduced ability to work and perform. The indoor air is often worse than the outdoor air because there is a lot of pollution from materials, equipment and substances inside the building. Bad air has many disadvantages, not least for asthmatics and allergy sufferers, such as poor sleep, headaches, irritated mucous membranes, etc. Particularly sensitive individuals such as asthmatics and allergy sufferers have problems finding solutions that effectively and comprehensively meet their need for good air quality throughout the indoor environment. . Increasing problems with emissions from building materials, more aggressive bacterial hardeners and "too dense" building structures, with consequent mold and spores, are also problem areas for which there are no good solutions.
A deteriorating outdoor environment with increased pollution and, above all, the presence of ever smaller particle sizes, so-called nanoparticles are emerging as a growing problem.
Air purification is a very neglected area in ventilation systems. There is also a lack of flexibility in filter adaptation if special needs exist.
The interest in energy efficiency / saving, control and management also needs a more elaborate ventilation solution. Today, it is less common, in smaller installations, with ventilation solutions that include sensor technology and control mechanisms. The possibilities for adapting the needs of a ventilation system are therefore limited.
Installation of an air heat pump is in most cases a point solution, which means that the protection / cooling is unevenly distributed in the property. The uneven distribution is also affected by the fact that measuring points can therefore not provide effective control of the pump.
The need to make ventilation more energy efficient has led to the FTX systems (exhaust and supply air ventilation with heat exchangers). In an FTX system, the exhaust air is collected with the supply air in an FTX unit that contains a rotary exchanger and filter. For example, up to 80% of the heat in the indoor air can be returned and heat cold supply air.
The Swedish building code provides instructions primarily regarding turnover and oxygenation of the indoor air. For different environments, requirements are set for the turnover of the air in liters / person / sec and a minimum requirement for the air turnover of 0.35 l / s per m2. Furthermore, air flows are regulated with instructions on overpressure / underpressure in different rooms. Simple filters, fittings, supply and exhaust air diffusers with different locations are part of the installation. Especially sensitive environments, especially for allergy sufferers and asthmatics are supplemented with point solutions in the form of portable air purifiers, extra filters, air locks, etc. which is inefficient as they rarely affect the entire indoor environment but mostly only benefit individual rooms. The supply of new oxygenated air also means that the energy issue must be taken into account. The installation is supplemented with heat exchangers, heating and cooling units, etc. On top of all this, control systems are also introduced to make the plant more energy efficient, ie. needs adaptation ventilation. With many point solutions, special adaptations and maintenance points, many facilities become sensitive to change, difficult to maintain and expensive to install, upgrade and develop. Efficiency also becomes difficult to overview.
There are a lot of particles in the air, ranging from a few millimeters long to as small as one millionth of a millimeter (nm). The size of the particles is very important for how far down in the airways the particles stop when inhaled. Larger particles already stay in the nose and throat without causing health problems. Particles smaller than 5 μm can reach the alveoli, the human blood vessels, which can be harmful to health. Large particles fall down quickly while small particles can float freely for weeks and become enduring carriers of viruses, bacteria etc. at the same time as many small particles in the air give an experience that the air is "dry".
Particles are formed indoors or enter via ventilation from the outside and consist of, for example, textile fibers, paper dust, soot, minerals, skin agents, plant parts, secretions from office machines and other electronics as well as microorganisms. The size of the particles affects how far down in the air waves they can reach and what they consist of affects what effect they have on the body.
Document WO 09157847 describes a ventilation system for a building with ﬂ erarum. The system is based on a conventional heat exchanger system, but also includes the possibility of connecting at least one of the rooms to a separate ventilation chamber. The chamber mixes air from at least one of the rooms with outdoor air. The mixed air then passes through a filter and is then led further into at least one of the rooms.
Document WO 2010104427 describes an air purification and heating system for a single building with ﬂ your rooms. The system comprises an air vent, means for directing air through said air vent, ducts for directing raised air from the air vent spaces into the building, a mixing chamber for mixing air from inside the building and air from outside the building, which chamber communicates with a duct leading mixed air through said air vent, a duct which directs the exhaust air intake from the outside of the building and which has an outlet in the mixing chamber, and ducts which lead exhaust air out of the building.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation device and a ventilation system which overcomes or at least minimizes the problems described above. This can be achieved by a ventilation device according to claim 1 and a ventilation system according to claim 12.
Thanks to the invention, a ventilation device is offered as well as a ventilation system which constitutes an integrated solution for oxygenation, air purification and tempering of the air space in a building. At the same time, it is a local point for control and management as both recirculated indoor air and supplied outdoor air are mixed in the device.
According to an aspect of the invention, the ventilation device comprises at least one pre-filter arranged in the first inlet, which gives the advantage that coarse particles and dust are captured from the recirculated air so that it does not follow you into the ventilation system.
According to another aspect of the invention, filtered recirculated indoor air and filtered outdoor air are mixed in the mixing chamber before the mixed air passes through a microfilter so that the air that escapes to all the rooms in the building is particle reduced by more than 85%. Furthermore, a continuous recirculation and purification of the indoor air is obtained.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, the ventilation device comprises a first throttle inside the pre-filter which throttle is closed if the recirculation flow should stop for any reason. This gives the advantage that air can then not go the rear wave out through the pre-filter and thus bring out dirt and particles in the building again.
According to another aspect of the invention, the ventilation device includes a muffler which muffles the sound in the device. This is an advantage as the device should be centrally located in the building, adjacent to the rooms where people stay daily.
According to one aspect of the invention, the device comprises a first and a second pressure sensor arranged on either side of said at least one pre-filter. The device further comprises a third, a seventh and a fourth pressure sensor arranged on opposite sides of the first and the second filter. The said sensors measure the differential pressure across the respective filters and communicate these care to the local control panel for possible forwarding to an app in a mobile device when a content final print case has been reached and also to retrieve information about current press first status reporting. The application also provides a qualified assessment of whether the filter needs to be cleaned or replaced. Furthermore, the device comprises a pressure sensor which measures and maintains a set air flow on the supply air from the FTX unit and the re-pressure becomes too low, the system can heat so that measures can be taken. The same applies to a pressure sensor which is arranged after the second chamber which measures and maintains a set air ﬂ fate of the recirculation via drive via the control and control panel. The invention also comprises space for and years prepared for mounting one set of selectable sensors of different types which communicate with the same control panel. The sensors can be intended to measure particles, ozone, radon, VOC, CO 2, NO 2, relative humidity, etc.
The ventilation system according to the invention offers a stepwise purification of indoor air when the indoor air first passes a coarse filter and possibly a medium filter the indoor air is mixed with filtered outdoor air and the mixed air is then carefully filtered in at least one microfilter. The ventilation system can be equipped with combinations of filters as needed and desired.
According to one aspect of the invention, the ventilation system according to the invention provides all rooms with purified, ventilated air, which gives the advantage that all rooms become available with the same high air quality.
According to another aspect of the invention, the ventilation system comprises some form of heat pump, which means that the building, all year round, can be provided with a stable indoor temperature.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the system comprises a by-pass line around the heat pump so that the purified air can be passed through the by-pass lines, for example when the heat pump is defrosted in order to avoid cooling of the air discharged into the building.
The invention also addresses the problem of inadequate maintenance of ventilation systems. In order to create simplicity in maintenance, the invention centralizes the essential filters in the ventilation system, makes them easily accessible, monitors them and reports on the status and need for measures. At the same time, the problem of contamination of supply air ducts is remedied by eliminating the possibility of particle scattering beyond the microfilter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a side view of a ventilation device according to the invention, and Figs. 2 schematically shows a fate diagram for a ventilation system according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following detailed description and the examples contained therein are for the purpose of describing and illustrating only certain embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Figure 1 schematically shows a side view of a ventilation device V according to the invention in a preferred embodiment. The ventilation device V comprises a first inlet 1 for room air 10 and a second inlet 2 for an outdoor air flow 21 from preferably a conventional FTX unit. These two inlets 1, 2 open into a mixing chamber 3 where the runic air 10 and the outdoor air 21 are mixed before it flows through a filter 30 further to a second chamber 4. In the second chamber 4, mufflers 40 are preferably arranged. In the second chamber 4 a recirculation ﬂ 4l is also arranged. From the second chamber 4 ﬂ the air is expelled through an outlet 5 into the building's system of exhaust air ducts and further out to all rooms in the building. If desired, an air / air heat pump 6 is arranged after the outlet 5 for tempering the mixed 23 air.
In the preferred embodiment, the ventilation device V has the shape of a square box and the device is preferably placed centrally in the building in order to be able to collect air from the entire house as evenly as possible. The device normally does not take up marble floor space other than a standard-sized refrigerator for a normal-sized villa of up to 200 m2. In the example described, the ventilation device V is arranged in a wardrobe where the wardrobe is centrally located in the house. The first inlet 1 is preferably arranged at an elevated height near the floor. This results in a better mixing of the air and thus better protection distribution. Furthermore, a more efficient purification is obtained as larger particles sink downwards and accumulate near floor level. Said first inlet 1 is brought to life with the wardrobe wall so that it is easy to clean the filter. Ventilation ducts preferably connect to the top of the device V. The housing can be given an attractive design so that the ventilation device / housing can be exposed to the room and that it must also be understood that holes in walls can be required so that the inlet 1 is centrally located in the building. the wall in a smaller, more confined space such as a laundry room or a storage room. The cover also preferably comprises a tight-fitting service hatch or door so that the components inside the ventilation device are easily accessible during replacement, etc.
The first inlet 1 for the room air 10 comprises at least one pre-filter 11 which removes dust and other coarse particles, the pre-filter 11 is preferably a coarse filter and may for instance consist of PPI mat or the like. Inside the pre-filter 11, a medium filter 12 is arranged, in the described example, which medium filter 12 screens away particles in the order of magnitude down to about 0.4 μm. The medium filter 12 is preferably of M5 class and is accessible via the first inlet 1. The room air 10 also passes a first damper S1 before it enters the mixing chamber 3. In the mixing chamber 3 the room air 10 is mixed with the outdoor air 21 entering the mixing chamber 3 via the second inlet 2. 10 and the outdoor air 21 is mixed and further flows through at least a first filter 30, which first filter 30 is preferably a microfilter such as an H10 HEPA filter. It is also possible, as shown in Figure 1, to arrange an additional filter, a second filter 31 in front of the first filter 30. The second filter 31 can for instance be a carbon filter or alternatively a chemical filter which effectively removes odors and more. The mixed air 23 ﬂ flows into the second chamber 4, which second chamber 4 has preferably been arranged with a silencer 40 in order for the ventilation device to be silent. Adjacent to the second chamber 4, the recirculation 41 41 is arranged, which fan 41 keeps the air konst constant. The recirculation chamber 41 is regulated for a larger air gap than the inlet of outdoor air 21 and thus provides an inlet run-off air 10 to the mixing chamber 3. The air flows further out from the second chamber 4 via an outlet 5 which is preferably arranged at the top of the ventilation device V.
Described above is the ventilation device V itself, but depending on where in the world the device is to be installed, it can advantageously be combined with some form of protection and / or cooling unit when the indoor air needs to be tempered. The air reaches the desired temperature and is then carried out to the rooms in the building through air ducts and supply air devices in different rooms, according to known technology. Thanks to the recirculation of the redane-tempered indoor air and that it is mixed with added outdoor air from, for example, an FTX unit, the need to cool / heat in the heating and / or cooling unit, which provides energy savings, is reduced and the heating and / or cooling unit can be dimensioned with lower power.
Recirculated air refers to the air that is in the home where most of the air is air that has passed the ventilation device V. The mixed air 23 that comes out of the viatyl air diffusers in the rooms consists of about 1/3 of room air and about 2/3 of outdoor air. Some of the air coming out of the supply air devices leaves the house via exhaust air ducts while some of the mixed air ﬂ flows into the ventilation device V. The person skilled in the art realizes that the air recirculated can also be air that has entered through temporarily open windows and / or doors. this air in such cases constitutes a relatively small part.
However, recirculation means that the completely untreated air is purified via doors and other openings quickly.
In the embodiment described here it is described how the ventilation device V is combined with an air-air heat pump 6. The mixed air 23 leaves the ventilation device V via the outlet 5, passes a third damper S3 to the air-air heat pump 6. Coupling an air-air heat pump 6 with the ventilation device V provides advantages as the distribution of cooling to all rooms takes place with the same efficiency as the distribution of heat and one can easily maintain a constant temperature all year round.
Figure 2 schematically shows a circuit diagram for a ventilation system S according to the invention. In the system shown, there is a heat recovery unit of FTX type 20 where incoming outdoor air is heat exchanged with outgoing indoor air in a manner known to those skilled in the art. Incoming outdoor air 21 preferably passes an outdoor air filter 200 inside the outdoor air 21 reaches a heat exchanger 201 where the outdoor air 21 is heat exchanged with exhaust air 22 from the building. These fates are regulated by controlling a supply air fan 202 and a single air duct 204 and are balanced against each other to maintain good air pressure in the building according to conventional technology, preferably they are balanced so that a weak negative pressure of a few percent is obtained in the building. This is to avoid a possible overpressure in the building if the exhaust air filters in the FTX unit are soiled too much. The outdoor air filter 200 is for example a filter in F7 filter class which during normal operation removes up to 51% of particles of size 0.4 μm, 86% of size 1.0 μm and 99.1% of 5 um before the incoming outdoor air 21 comes to the heat exchanger 201. The exhaust air 22 the extension preferably passes an exhaust air filter 203 of for example M5 class which protects the ﬂ and the heat exchanger from contamination before the exhaust air 22 is heat exchanged in the heat exchanger system 201. a constant supply air and exhaust air ﬂ deserted in the whole house and has a heat recovery from the exhaust air of about 80%. In a conventional FTX unit 20 there is an electric heater 205 which is preferably switched off when the FTX unit cooperates with a ventilation device V according to the invention as it is more efficient to let the heat pump 6 heat the air.
The incoming outdoor air 21 from the FTX unit 20 further flows to the ventilation device V and into the mixing chamber 3 where it is mixed with room air 10 which flows into the mixing chamber 3 via the first inlet 1. From the mixing chamber 3 the mixed air 23 passes a microfilter 30, preferably H10 HEPA filter , and preferably also a carbon filter 31, when the air flows into the second chamber 4. From the second chamber 4 ﬂ the air flows further to the air-air protection pump 6 where the purified air is given the desired temperature, and is passed on the outbuilding through supply air devices in different rooms. In other words, indoor air recirculates the building and the proportion of recirculated air is in the range 30 - 60%, preferably 35 - 50% and even more preferably about 40% of the total air flow that passes through the ventilation device V. Thanks to the already tempered indoor air recirculates and mixes with the incoming outdoor air 21, the need for cooling / heating in the air-to-air heat pump 6 is reduced, which leads to energy savings. Additional advantages of the recycling of the indoor house air l0 are that the circulation of the room air l0 increases, which means that odors, spores etc. disappear faster than in pure FTX systems.
The ventilation system according to the invention also comprises a number of sensors which measure pressure and temperatures.
The ventilation system comprises a first temperature sensor T1 as a constant measuring supply temperature into the rooms in the building. Furthermore, the system comprises a second temperature sensor T2 which maintains a constantly set room temperature via a control and monitoring panel 9. The control and monitoring panel 9 is preferably arranged in connection with the ventilation device V so that everything is in one and the same place. It is then easy to get an overview of set values, adjust if necessary, all control takes place preferably from here. Of course, it will be appreciated that the second temperature sensor T2 may be located elsewhere according to conventional techniques.
At the inlet 1 for indoor air a first pressure sensor P1 is arranged and the inner pre-filter 11 and the medium filter 12, in the mixing chamber 3, a second pressure sensor P2 is arranged. The first P1 and the second P2 pressure sensor measure the differential pressure of the upper pre-filter l1 and the medium filter l2 so that when the set final pressure drop is reached, they emit some form of signal so that the filters can be cleaned / replaced. Preferably, it warns to a mobile app when the set final pressure drop has been reached, as the app also has the option of directly ordering new filters.
The ventilation system also comprises a third pressure sensor P3 arranged in the mixing chamber 3 ﬂ desirably before the second filter 3l and a fourth pressure sensor P4 after the first filter 30. The third and the fourth pressure sensor P3, P4 measure the differential pressure across the two filters 30, 3l and the alarms, in the same way as described above, if the set final pressure drop is achieved. In an advantageous embodiment, a seventh pressure sensor P7 is arranged between the first and the second filter which measures and reports the differential pressure over the respective filters 30, 3 l. In this way it can be indicated which of the filters 30, 31 requires cleaning or replacement.
Furthermore, a fifth pressure sensor P5 is arranged in the supply air line before the inlet mixing chamber 3, which fifth pressure sensor P5 measures and maintains a set air flow to the supply air from the FTX unit 20 via a speed-controlled fan 202 which controls said control panel. This ensures that the supplied outdoor air to the extension meets the minimum requirements according to the building standard. If, for example, the pressure is too low here, due to, for example, a blockage in the outdoor air intake grille, an alarm can be sent to the said app and measures can be taken.
A sixth pressure sensor P6 is arranged in the supply air duct after the second chamber 4 and after the recirculation shaft 41. This sensor measures and maintains a set air ﬂ fate on the speed-controlled recirculation fan 41 via the control and monitoring panel9. This air ﬂ fate must be greater than the supply air ﬂ fate from the FTX unit, for example twice as large, in order to achieve a destiny recirculation in indoor avin indoor air characteristic of the invention. Here too, an alarm can advantageously be sent to the said app at low pressure.
In the ventilation system, there are preferably three dampers arranged. A first damper S1 is arranged inside the medium filter 12, a third damper S3 is arranged in the supply air duct between the second chamber 4 and the air-air heat pump 6 and in a bypass line 7 above the third damper S3 and the air-air heat pump 6 a second damper S2 is arranged. During normal operation, the first damper S1 and the third damper S3 are open and the second damper S2 is closed.
If for some reason the recirculation fan 41 is to stop, the first damper S1 is closed so that air cannot go backwards towards the pre-filter II and thus remove dirt and particles from the pre-filter II out of the building again and that the pressure drop through the air-air protection pump 6 is minimized.
The bypass line 7 is preferably used in cases where an air-to-air heat pump 6 is used which periodically runs a defrost. The third damper S3 is closed and the second damper S2 is opened and during the defrosting process the air is led from the ventilation device V via the bypass line 7 and thus the air coming from the ventilation device V is avoided from cooling down. The recirculation 41site 41constitutes the air ﬂ fate. With a ventilation device according to the invention and a ventilation system comprising such a ventilation device, an advantageous method has been developed for regulating supplied outdoor air to a building where it is possible to supply outdoor air to the building in a very energy efficient manner while simultaneously purifying the supplied outdoor air and purifying recirculated indoor air. The method according to the invention comprising the steps of: a) supplying outdoor air and indoor air to a mixing chamber (3) in a ventilation device for forming a mixed air (23), b) filtering the mixed air (23), c) distributing the mixed air (23) in the building via supply air ducts, d) clean the indoor air in a pre-filter (ll) before it is introduced into the mixing chamber (3), e) regulate the flow of indoor air to the mixing chamber (3) by controlling a recirculation fan (4l), which is arranged to supply the supply air ducts mixed air (23), so that the proportion of indoor air supplied in the mixed air (23) in the range 30-60%, preferably 35-50% and even more preferably about 40% is achieved.
Additional advantages can be obtained if the method also comprises any of the steps of: f) controlling the speed of fate over the ventilation device (V) included filter (ll, l2,30, 3 l) to a maximum of 50%, more preferably 35%, even more preferably a maximum of 20% of for filter-normalized ﬂ fate, g) heat exchange the exhaust air (22) with incoming outdoor air (2l), and h) regulate the exhaust air ﬂ fate (22) in relation to ﬂ the fate of incoming outdoor air (2l) so that a negative pressure is created in the building.
In order to be able to perform tests of various kinds, the applicant has installed a ventilation device V and a ventilation system according to the invention in a house. The ventilation device V has, in accordance with the preferred embodiment, arranged centrally in the building to be able to collect the indoor air to be recirculated as evenly as possible. from different parts of the building.
The ventilation device V has in this case been arranged in a wardrobe centrally located in the house. The inlet for the indoor air is arranged at the bottom of the wardrobe and one wall of the wardrobe goes out into one of the rooms in the house. In the attic above the wardrobe the conventional FTX unit 20 is arranged and the incoming outdoor air 21 passes the FTX unit 20 on its way to the mixing chamber 3. The mixed air 23 ﬂ flows through the ventilation device V according to the invention and on to the air-air protection pump 6. From there all rooms are supplied in the building with air, which has passed the ventilation device V, via conventional supply air ducts.
The fouling of exhaust and supply air ducts is significantly reduced in a system according to the invention thanks to the indoor air being filtered directly at the first 1 inlet, the outdoor air 21 being filtered before it reaches the FTX unit 20 and the mixing chamber 3 mixed air filtered in a micro filter 30. for mold, bacterial growth etc. significantly as the mixed air 23 exiting the building is effectively purified. Additional advantages of the air being recirculated are that distribution of the springs takes place very efficiently and the need for radiators can be reduced as the springs from, for example wood-burning stoves, are pumped out to all spaces. Further advantages of a ventilation device V and a ventilation system according to the invention are that when particles in air store the springs, a cleaner air means that the air carries less particle-borne springs into the exhaust air.
In his studies, the applicant has made measurements of particles in the sizes 0.3 μm, 1 um and 5 μm in four different cases and at three different locations. Table A shows the number of particles measured in the respective sizes in a building with a conventional supply / exhaust air ventilation. Measurements have been made on outdoor air outside the building, on room air in the building and on the air that enters the rooms from the supply air diffusers (TF diffusers).
TABLE A0.3 um 1 um 5 umRumsluftul 4661100 678000 74000TF-don 3088000 600000 212000Ute 4049000 302000 10000 Table B shows the number of particles measured in the respective sizes in another building device with a conventional supply / exhaust air ventilation. Measurements have been made on outdoor air outside the building, on room air in the building and on the air that enters the rooms from the TF device. 13 TABLE B0.3 pm 1 pm 5 pmRoom air 4509000 530000 78000TF ballasts 3332000 345000 69000Ute 5069000 163000 6000 Table C shows the number of particles measured in the respective sizes in the building which is arranged with a Ventilation device V and a Ventilation system according to the invention. Measurements have been made on outdoor air outside the building, on room air in the building and on the air that enters the rooms from the TF device.
TABLE C0.3 pm 1 pm 5 pmRoom air 773000 47000 0TF ballasts 226000 0 0Outside 6636000 132000 5000 Table D shows the number of particles measured in the respective sizes in the building which is arranged with a Ventilation device V and a Ventilation system according to the invention. Measurements have been made on outdoor air outside the building, on room air in the building and on the air that enters the rooms from the TF device. The measurements are made In another case than the measurements shown in Table C.
TABLE D0.3 pm 1 pm 5 pmRoom air 1173000 42000 0TF ballasts 530000 0 0Outside 30604000 1298000 40000 14 From the tables it can be read how many particles in the different sizes there are in the outdoor air at the different measuring occasions. Tables A and B show that there are more particles in the air from the TF ballasts and in the room air than in the outdoor air, which indicates that the ventilation ducts contain a lot of dirt and particles that are introduced into the buildings. Furthermore, Tables C and D show that the air coming from the supply air means comprises a significantly lower proportion of particles in all three measured sizes. Particles in the size 1 μm and 5 μm were measured to zero while particles in the size 0.3 μm are significantly lower in the building with the ventilation device and the system according to the invention. It can also be seen that there is a marked difference in the particle content in the room air in the different buildings. Table D shows that in the building arranged with the ventilation device V and the system according to the invention there are 0 particles in the size 5 μm, about 500,000-600,000 fewer particles in the size 1 μm and about 3,000,000 fewer particles in the size 0.3 μm. It is worth noting from Tables C and D that the measurements were made outside and in the house which were arranged with a device and a system according to the invention at different times. In Table D it can be seen that in the outdoor air there is a much higher load of particles than at the time of measurement measured in Table C. Despite the large difference, the system has a high degree of separation of particles and in the air that exits via the TF ballasts there are zero particles in size 1 um and 5 um. An advantage of the invention is that the smallest particles which nevertheless pass through the filters remain suspended in the air streams and therefore are not deposited in the ducts, with the consequence that minimal counter no particles get stuck there and thus the need for cleaning of the ducts is minimized or avoided.
The following data is from the house where the ventilation device V and the ventilation system according to the invention have been installed and run and where all measurement data has been taken. The person skilled in the art realizes that dimensions, fates etc. are adapted to where the device / system is installed.
The test house has a living area of 183.9 m2. Outdoor air ﬂ desolation (supply air) = 72.5 l / sFrench air ﬂ desolation (exhaust air) = 75 l / s Recirculation ﬂ desolation (basic ﬂ desolation) = 70 l / s (air ﬂ desolation can be increased if necessary) The following dimensions have been used in the duct system. From the FTX unit 20 down the ventilation device V, a duct with a diameter of 160 mm is arranged. The ventilation device V to the air-to-air heat pump 6 is arranged in two ducts with a diameter of 200 mm, in this example two ducts have been used to reduce the speed, but the person skilled in the art realizes that it can also be a larger duct and that the duct / duct has other dimensions. . For example, the canal macaroon would have a square cross section. From the air-to-air heat pump 6 out to the TF ballasts in allarum, the channel runs from 160 mm in diameter down to 125 mm in diameter at the TF ballasts. Furthermore, the pre-filter 11 in the test housing consists of 1 plate Bulpren S28280, black split 20 mm with dimensions 610x610 mm. The medium filter 12 is an M5 filter with the dimensions 592x592x150 mm. The incoming outdoor air 21 passes an F7 filter with the dimensions 470x207x260 mm before the incoming outdoor air 21 reaches the FTX unit 20. The exhaust air 22 superstructure also passes an exhaust air filter with a size F260x207. Furthermore, the first filter 30 is a H10 HEPA filter with the dimensions 592x592x292 mm and the second filter 31 is a carbon filter of the type DinCarb CNP with the dimensions 610x610x96 mm. Thanks to the dimensioning of the various parts of the system, a large ﬂ fate is obtained with a lower ﬂ speed than conventional systems. . In the system according to the invention, the fate rate over the filters 11, 12, 30, 31 included in the ventilation device V is regulated to a maximum of 50%, more preferably a maximum of 35% and even more preferably a maximum of 20%, the filters discharge normalized flow. In the building where the ventilation device V and the ventilation system according to the invention have been installed and run in the first filter 30ett H10 HEPA filter and the total flow used over the filter 30 is about 140 l / smedan the nominal ﬂ fate of this filter is 833 l / s which gives a low pressure drop overfilter. A pre-filter of about 70 l / s has been used over the pre-filter 11 and the medium filter 12, with the nominal flow of these filters usually being about 400 l / s.
Graph 1 below illustrates how the amount of particles in the size 0.3 μm markedly increases at the time when a window is opened in one of the bedrooms in the test house. Before the window is opened, the content of particles in the size of 0.3 μm is around about 1,000,000. When the window is opened, the riser content, in the minutes that the window is open, with about 39,000,000 particles. When the window bar is reached, the content drops to about 10,000,000 particles in about 30 minutes and then it decreases a little more slowly down to the content that was before the window was opened. The thematic recirculation helps to purify the unfiltered air that enters the house through accidentally opened doors or windows. 16 âššgzfsë šassršxveë In the ventilation device V according to the invention, a larger air används edema används the velocity of use is lower, significantly lower than what the filters normally work with, which gives a better separation of particles. By designing the system with a lower ﬂ velocity speed, which is achieved with relatively large ventilation ducts and a large filter surface, lower pressure drops are obtained over the filters, which increases their service life. In accordance with the concept of the invention, the fate rate shall amount to a maximum of 75% of the normal flow rate for the corresponding conventional dimensioning, preferably a maximum of 60% and even more preferably a maximum of 50%. Thanks to the large proportion of recirculated indoor air in the system according to the invention, the mixed air has a higher temperature when it reaches the air-to-air heat pump, which makes it work more efficiently and it becomes more economical. A lower speed of fate also gives the advantage that it is less noisy.
Thanks to the invention, all rooms in the building have the same high air quality where the particle content is greatly reduced by more than 85%. The recirculation means continuous purification of all air, both indoor air and outdoor air, at the same time as the energy in the redane-tempered indoor air is utilized. The air that enters through temporarily opened doors and the odors, emissions and particles that are generated, even indoors, indoors are effectively taken care of.
Those skilled in the art will of course appreciate that the filters mentioned above may be replaced as desired, for example the microfilter 30 may be of another type or class for example a HEPA filter type H13 or another HEPA / ULPA class if required. It is also understood that the other 17 filters can be varied according to needs and wishes, for example the medium filter M5 could be replaced with a filter F7 and so on. In addition to the sensors / meters discussed above, there are also other sensors / sensors to further increase maintenance accuracy, control options and air quality level reporting, for example sensors / meters / sensors for 0 VOC volatile organic compounds 0 COz 0 Particles 0 Relative moisture% 0 Radon 0 N02 Ozone Furthermore, it is understood that the ventilation device and the ventilation system according to the invention can be installed in all types of buildings such as homes, schools, official buildings, etc. In cases where it is installed in larger buildings such as a kindergarten, it is advantageous to install one ventilation device per ward instead of drawing the indoor air in long ducts to a single device as this gives a greater risk of the accumulated indoor-generated particles in the ducts. In the description above, reference is made to an air-air defense pump, but the person skilled in the art realizes that there may nevertheless be other alternatives which, in addition to heating / cooling to the air, pass, for example via a rock protection pump, ground protection pump. The ventilation system according to the invention has a fast heat and cooling transfer to the rooms during fast weather changes thanks to the air to air transfer. The ventilation device according to the invention can be connected to an existing ventilation system in a building but since the device uses a higher flow, sound problems can occur. You can then add additional channels to get rid of the noise, but if sound is not a problem, it is possible to connect with the existing system without additional measures. In new constructions, it is advantageous to dimension the up ducts or alternatively draw more ducts to prevent noise.

权利要求:
Claims (1)
[1]
1.. Ventilation device (V) comprising a first inlet (1) for recirculated indoor air, a second inlet (2) for outdoor air, an outlet (5) for mixed air (23), a mixing chamber (3) and a recirculation ﬂ spool (41), characterized in that said first inlet (1) and said second inlet (2) are arranged in said mixing chamber (3), that the ventilation device (V) further comprises a second chamber (4) which is expediently connected to said mixing chamber (3) and after that, at least one pre-filter ( ll) arranged in said first inlet (1) and at least one first filter (30) arranged between said mixing chamber (3) and said second chamber (4) and that the outlet (5) is arranged in said second chamber (4). . Ventilation device (V) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one pre-filter (11) is a coarse filter, preferably a PPI mat. . Ventilation device (V) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said first inlet (1) comprises a second pre-filter (12), which second pre-filter is preferably a medium filter of M5 class. . Ventilation device (V) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation device further comprises a first damper (S1) ﬂ suitably arranged after said first prefilter (11). . Ventilation device (V) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second filter (3 l) is arranged between said mixing chamber (3) and said second chamber (4). Ventilation device (V) according to claim 5, characterized in that said first filter (30) and / or said second filter (3 l) consists of a carbon filter and / or a chemical filter and / or a micro filter. . Ventilation device (V) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device further comprises a first pressure sensor (P1) and a second pressure sensor (P2) ﬂ suitably arranged on either side of said at least one pre-filter (11). Ventilation device (V) according to claim 5, characterized by the attan device. Further comprises a third pressure sensor (P3) and a fourth pressure sensor (P4) ﬂ suitably arranged on either side of said first filter (30). and other fields (31). Ventilation device (V) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device further comprises a fifth pressure sensor (P5) ﬂ suitably arranged before the mixing chamber (3) and a sixth pressure sensor (P6) des suitably arranged after the second chamber (4). Ventilation device (V) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation device comprises a housing e which preferably has the shape of a box, said housing accommodating the mixing chamber (3) and the second chamber (4), that the first inlet (1) is arranged in one side wall of the housing and designed so that the first pre-filter (11) is accessible from the outside and that replacement of the pre-filter (11) can be carried out from the outside of the housing, that another side wall comprises a tight-fitting service hatch with the mixing chamber (3), the second chamber (4 ) and the components arranged therein (30, 31, 41, S1, P3, P4, P7) become accessible and replaceable. Ventilation device (V) according to claim 9, characterized in that the size of the filters is selected so that a fatal velocity over the filters amounts to a maximum of 75%, preferably a maximum of 60% and even more preferably a maximum of 50% of the normal flow rate for the filters. Ventilation system (S) for supplying purified and conditioned air to a single building, characterized in that it comprises a ventilation device (V) according to any one of claims 1 - 11. Ventilation system (S) according to claim 12, characterized in that the system comprises an FTX unit (20 ) which is connected to the inlet (2) for incoming outdoor air of the ventilation device (V). Ventilation system (S) according to claim 12, characterized in that the system further comprises a heating and / or cooling unit (6), where mixed air (23) from the ventilation device (V) is tempered before it is carried out of the building. Ventilation system (S) according to claim 14, characterized in that said protection and / or cooling unit (6) is an air-to-air heat pump (6), that the system comprises a supply air duct between the second chamber (4) and air The supply air duct pump (6) Which supply air duct comprises a third damper (S3), further characterized by a bypass line (7) over the third damper (S3) and air-air protection pump (6) which bypass line (7) comprises a second damper (7) S2) and that the ventilation system is interlocked in such a way that the third damper (S3) closes and the second damper (S2) is opened when defrosting the air-air heat pump (6) so that the mixed air (23) flows through the bypass line (7). ). Ventilation system (S) according to claim 15, characterized in that the supply air duct for supply of mixed air (23) from the ventilation device (V) has a cross-sectional area which is in the order of 1.3 - 2 times larger than the standard dimension of the system (S) Ventilation system (S) according to claim 12 , characterized in that the system comprises a recirculation ﬂ (41) which constantly holds the air ﬂ destiny. Method for regulating supplied outdoor air to a building during simultaneous purification of the supplied outdoor air and purification of recirculated indoor air including the steps of: a) supplying outdoor air and indoor air to a mixing chamber (3) in a ventilation device to form a mixed air (23), b) filtering the mixed air (23), c) distributing the mixed air (23) in the building via supply air ducts, characterized by the steps of: d) purifying the indoor air in a pre-filter (11) before it is introduced into the mixing chamber (3), and e) regulating to the fate of indoor air to the mixing chamber (3) by controlling a recirculation spout (41), which is arranged to supply the supply air ducts with mixed air (23), so that the proportion of supplied indoor air in the mixed air (23) in the range 30 - 60%, preferably 35 - 50 % and even more preferably about 40% is achieved. Method according to claim 18, characterized by the steps of: f) Adjusting the speed of fate over the filter (11, 12, 30, 31) included in the ventilation device (V) to a maximum of 50%, more preferably a maximum of 35%, and more preferably a maximum of 20% of for the filters normalized flow. Method according to claim 18, characterized by the steps attg) spring-exchanging the exhaust air (22) with incoming outdoor air (21), andh) regulating the exhaust air ﬂ fate (22) in relation to ﬂ the fate of incoming outdoor air (21) so that a negative pressure is created in the building.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

SE543165C2|2020-10-20|

引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

CN112902356A|2021-01-22|2021-06-04|中成空间（深圳）智能技术有限公司|Dust device of air film building|

法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

SE1551381A|SE543165C2|2015-10-27|2015-10-27|Ventilation system including ventilation device for regulating supplied outdoor air during simultaneous purification|SE1551381A| SE543165C2|2015-10-27|2015-10-27|Ventilation system including ventilation device for regulating supplied outdoor air during simultaneous purification|

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